Property templates and checklistsPoland

Reviewed October 28, 2026. Not legal advice. Have a notary or lawyer check your case before you sign.

Buying

1
Price and checks
The parties agree on a price, often via an agent (pośrednik). The buyer checks the land register (księga wieczysta) online, planning, debts and occupants.
2
Preliminary agreement and deposit
The parties usually sign a preliminary agreement (umowa przedwstępna), in written form or as a notarial deed. The buyer pays a deposit (zadatek or zaliczka).
3
Permit for some foreign buyers
Non-EEA, non-Swiss buyers need a permit from the Minister of the Interior for land or a house, unless exempt. A separate flat outside the border zone does not.
4
Notarial deed (akt notarialny)
A contract that transfers real estate, or obliges a party to transfer it, is valid only as a notarial deed (Civil Code art. 158).
5
Notary checks and tax
The notary drafts the deed, checks the title and the seller's documents, and collects the 2% civil law transactions tax (PCC) on most resales.
6
Court fees and land register
The notary collects the court fees and files the application to the land register.
7
Developer agreement
A purchase from a developer needs a developer agreement (umowa deweloperska) as a notarial deed.

Governing law: Civil Code art. 659-692 and the tenant protection act of 21 June 2001 (ustawa o ochronie praw lokatorów).
Model lease and rent: No state model lease. Private rents are not capped. A rise needs 3 months' written notice, at most once every 6 months.
Deposit (kaucja) cap: 12 months' rent.
Landlord termination: Only on the grounds in art. 11 of the 2001 act, in writing, with the reason stated.
Occasional lease (najem okazjonalny): Private landlord only. Fixed term up to 10 years. Deposit up to 6 months' rent. Report to the tax office within 14 days.
Occasional lease eviction: The tenant signs a notarial statement in which the tenant submits to eviction.
Winter eviction ban: Eviction orders are not enforced from 1 November to 31 March unless the person has premises to move to, with exceptions.
Rental income tax: A private landlord pays a flat rate of 8.5% of the rent up to PLN 100,000 a year and 12.5% above.