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Residential lease agreement template for Switzerland

Residential lease for a flat (open-ended) · Mietvertrag für Wohnräume (unbefristet)

An open-ended lease for an unfurnished flat under the Code of Obligations (OR Art. 253 to 273c) and the ordinance VMWG. It sets the parties, the flat, the rent and ancillary costs, the cost bases of the rent, the deposit, handover and return, upkeep, subletting and notice.

Use it when a private landlord lets a flat or house as a home for an open-ended term. Do not use it for a holiday flat let for 3 months or less, which the residential rules do not cover, for a business premises, or for subsidised housing with authority-controlled rents. For a luxury flat or luxury single-family house with six or more living rooms, kitchen not counted, the rules on abusive rents do not apply (VMWG Art. 2). Many lease rules are mandatory: a clause that departs from them to the tenant's disadvantage has no effect.

Reviewed October 28, 2026. Not legal advice. Have a notary or lawyer check your case before you sign.

Rules that are changing

  • A September 2025 motion in the National Council (25.4376) asks to drop the duty to state the previous reference interest rate and consumer price index on the initial rent form.
  • The Federal Council proposes to reject the motion, and the council has not voted. Until the ordinance changes, the duty applies.
Official model: Formular zur Mitteilung des Anfangsmietzinses (Kanton Zürich, Art. 270 Abs. 2 OR)

Mandatory for every new residential lease in the canton of Zurich, alongside the lease, while the vacancy rate stays at 1.5% or lower. There is no official model for the lease itself. Since 1 October 2025 the form must also show the reference interest rate and the consumer price index on which the previous rent was based (VMWG Art. 19 para 3).

Key facts

Applies to
German-speaking cantons, with the canton of Zurich rules marked. French-speaking cantons, Vaud in particular, add rules described under formalities.
Deposit cap
3 months' rent, in a bank account or deposit in the tenant's name (OR Art. 257e).
Deposit release
Only with both parties' consent, a final payment order or a final judgment (OR Art. 257e para 3).
Deposit after 1 year
If the landlord brings no claim within 1 year after the lease ends, the tenant can ask the bank for it (OR Art. 257e para 3).
Notice for a flat
At least 3 months, to a local termination date or, without local usage, to the end of a 3-month period (OR Art. 266c).
Landlord's notice
On the cantonal official form, sent separately to the tenant's spouse for a family home. Otherwise void (OR Art. 266l, 266n, 266o).
Initial rent
The tenant can challenge it as abusive within 30 days after taking over the flat, in the cases of OR Art. 270 para 1.
Rent increase
On the cantonal official form, with reasons, at least 10 days before the notice period starts (OR Art. 269d).
Rent increase signature
A printed signature on the form is enough since 1 October 2025.
Ancillary costs
Only if specifically agreed. On account: a statement at least once a year. Flat rate: based on 3-year averages (OR Art. 257a, VMWG Art. 4).
Rent arrears
Written deadline of at least 30 days, then notice with at least 30 days to the end of a month (OR Art. 257d).
Graduated rent
Valid only in a lease of at least 3 years, with at most one increase a year, fixed in francs (OR Art. 269c).
Unfixed defect
The tenant can ask for a rent reduction or, after a written deadline, deposit the rent with the office the canton designates.

The document

Text shown

You sign the German version. The English version helps you understand it. Your answers fill both.

Residential lease for a flat (open-ended)

  1. 1.Parties

    1. 1.1

      Landlord: Landlord.

      Give the name or company name and address. If a managing agent (Verwaltung) acts, name both the landlord and the agent.

    2. 1.2

      Tenant: Tenant or tenants. Several tenants are jointly and severally liable for all obligations under this contract.

      Give each tenant's full name, date of birth and current address. For a family home, the rules still protect a spouse who does not sign (OR Art. 266m, 266n).

  2. 2.Leased premises

    1. 2.1

      The following flat in the building at Address of the building is let: Flat. Ancillary rooms and shared use: Ancillary rooms and shared facilities. Parking space or garage: Parking space or garage.

      A parking space let with the flat follows the flat's rules (VMWG Art. 1). Let it in the same contract.

    2. 2.2

      Fixtures and appliances let with the flat: Appliances and fixtures let.

    3. 2.3

      The premises are let for residential use only.

  3. 3.Start and termination

    1. 3.1

      The lease starts on Start date of the lease and is concluded for an indefinite period.

    2. 3.2

      Either party may end it by giving three months' notice to the following dates: Termination dates.

      The lease may set longer periods. If it names no dates, ask the conciliation authority about local usage. A late notice takes effect on the next possible date.

    3. 3.3

      Optional

      Notice may be given for the first time to First possible termination date.

      A minimum term binds both parties. Delete this clause if you want none. The tenant can still leave early with a suitable replacement tenant (OR Art. 264).

    4. 3.4

      Notice must be in writing. Notice by the landlord is given on the form approved by the canton and, for a family home, must be sent separately to the tenant and to the tenant's spouse or registered partner.

      A landlord's notice that breaks these rules is void (OR Art. 266o). The tenant can challenge it before the conciliation authority within 30 days of receipt.

  4. 4.Rent

    1. 4.1

      The monthly rent is: net rent CHF Net monthly rent in CHF; ancillary costs CHF Monthly ancillary costs in CHF (Ancillary costs on account or flat rate); parking space or garage CHF Monthly rent for parking in CHF; total CHF Total monthly amount in CHF.

      In Zurich the same amounts go on the initial rent form, together with the previous rent and the reasons for any increase.

  5. 5.Ancillary costs

    1. 5.1

      The following ancillary costs are charged in addition to the net rent: Ancillary costs charged. Ancillary costs not listed are included in the net rent.

      Heating repair and renewal are not chargeable (VMWG Art. 6).

    2. 5.2

      For payments on account, the landlord prepares a statement at least once a year for the billing period Billing period for ancillary costs. The tenant may ask to see the supporting documents. A flat rate is based on the average of three years.

      With a flat rate (Pauschale) there is no annual statement and no balance to pay or refund.

  6. 6.Payment

    1. 6.1

      The rent including ancillary costs is payable monthly in advance, on the first day of each month, to the following account: Account for rent payments.

      Without this clause, rent is due at the end of each month, unless local usage sets another date (OR Art. 257c).

  7. 7.Basis of the rent

    1. 7.1

      The rent is based on a mortgage reference interest rate of Reference interest rate of the rent%, on the Swiss consumer price index of Consumer price index level and base, and on the general cost level up to General cost increases included up to.

      The federal department publishes the reference rate each quarter (VMWG Art. 12a). Later increases and reduction requests are measured against these values.

    2. 7.2

      Rent adjustments follow the Code of Obligations. The landlord notifies them on the form approved by the canton.

      An increase applies from the next termination date at the earliest. The tenant can challenge it before the conciliation authority within 30 days (OR Art. 270b).

  8. 8.Security deposit

    1. 8.1

      The tenant provides a security deposit of CHF Deposit in CHF. The landlord deposits it with a bank in a savings account or deposit in the tenant's name.

      The deposit can be at most 3 months' rent (OR Art. 257e para 2). Cantons may add rules on deposits (OR Art. 257e para 4).

    2. 8.2

      The bank releases the deposit only with both parties' consent or on the basis of a final payment order or a final court judgment. If the landlord has not brought a legal claim within one year after the lease ends, the tenant can ask the bank to repay it.

  9. 9.Handover

    1. 9.1

      The landlord hands over the premises on Handover date clean and fit for the agreed use. At handover the parties jointly draw up a handover report, which forms part of this contract.

      The tenant should report defects not listed in the report in writing soon after moving in, so they are not charged at the end of the lease.

    2. 9.2

      On request, the landlord shows the return report of the previous tenancy and states the amount of the previous rent.

      This is a legal right of the tenant (OR Art. 256a).

  10. 10.Use and house rules

    1. 10.1

      The tenant uses the premises with care and shows consideration for other residents and neighbours. The attached house rules form part of this contract.

      After a written warning, a serious and continued breach allows the landlord to end the lease with 30 days' notice to the end of a month (OR Art. 257f).

    2. 10.2

      Optional

      Pets: Pets allowed.

      Keep the clause if you want to allow or restrict cats or dogs. Delete it if the house rules already cover pets.

    3. 10.3

      Renovations and alterations to the premises by the tenant require the landlord's written consent.

      If the landlord agrees and wants the original state restored at the end, this must be agreed in writing (OR Art. 260a).

  11. 11.Upkeep and defects

    1. 11.1

      The tenant remedies at own cost defects that small cleaning or repairs needed for normal upkeep can fix, according to local usage, up to CHF Small repairs limit for tenant, CHF per case.

      Without an amount, local usage sets small repairs. The landlord must keep the flat fit for use. A term shifting that to the tenant is void (OR Art. 256 para 2).

    2. 11.2

      The tenant reports other defects to the landlord without delay. The landlord remedies them within a reasonable time. The tenant allows necessary works and visits notified in good time.

      A tenant who fails to report a defect is liable for the resulting damage (OR Art. 257g).

  12. 12.Subletting

    1. 12.1

      The tenant may sublet all or part of the premises with the landlord's consent. The landlord may refuse consent only if the tenant does not disclose the terms of the sublease, if those terms are abusive compared with the main lease, or if the sublease causes the landlord significant disadvantages.

      This repeats OR Art. 262. The tenant stays liable to the landlord for how the subtenant uses the flat.

  13. 13.Early return

    1. 13.1

      If the tenant returns the premises without respecting the notice period or date, the tenant is released only by proposing a replacement tenant who is acceptable to the landlord, solvent and willing to take over the lease on the same terms.

      Otherwise the tenant owes rent until the next possible end of the lease. The landlord must credit any rent obtained from reletting (OR Art. 264).

  14. 14.Return of the premises

    1. 14.1

      At the end of the lease the tenant returns the premises clean and in the condition that results from use in line with the contract. The tenant is not liable for normal wear and tear.

      Damages are limited to the repair cost or the item's current value. The joint lifespan table of the landowners' and tenants' associations helps set that value.

    2. 14.2

      At the return the parties inspect the premises together and record defects in a return report. The landlord immediately notifies defects for which the tenant is responsible.

      A landlord who does not notify defects at once loses the claim, except for defects that a normal inspection could not reveal (OR Art. 267a).

  15. 15.Special terms

    1. 15.1

      Other agreements

      A term may not depart from mandatory lease law to the tenant's disadvantage. Do not add a fixed end-of-lease fee or an obligation to buy or insure anything.

  16. 16.Annexes

    1. 16.1

      The following form part of this contract: Annexes.

      In the canton of Zurich, and in other cantons with the form rule, list the signed initial rent form here and hand it over no later than at handover.

  17. 17.Signatures

    1. 17.1

      This contract is made in two copies. Place of signature, Date of signature. The landlord: ______. The tenant: ______.

      Every tenant signs. Make one copy per party if there are more than two parties.

Fill in the details

0/29
1.Parties
2.Leased premises
Appliances and fixtures let
3.Start and termination
4.Rent
Ancillary costs on account or flat rate
5.Ancillary costs
Ancillary costs charged
6.Payment
7.Basis of the rent
8.Security deposit
9.Handover
10.Use and house rules
11.Upkeep and defects
15.Special terms
16.Annexes
Annexes
17.Signatures

Formalities

  1. Put the lease in writing and sign it. Give each party an original. Attach the house rules and the handover report.
  2. In Zurich the landlord must give the tenant the official initial rent form (Formular zur Mitteilung des Anfangsmietzinses) by handover at the latest.
  3. The form shows the previous rent and its cost bases. Zurich requires it when the vacancy rate is 1.5% or lower. The rule has applied since 1 November 2013.
  4. Basel-Stadt, Bern (since 1 December 2025), Fribourg, Geneva, Lucerne and Zug have the same form rule. Neuchâtel and Vaud apply it in part of their territory.
  5. On request, the landlord must show the new tenant the return report of the previous tenancy and tell the tenant the previous rent (OR Art. 256a).
  6. In the French-speaking cantons the framework lease for western Switzerland applies only if the lease includes it.
  7. In Vaud the cantonal rules RULV bind every lease from 1 July 2026 to 30 June 2032, with special rules on the deposit, subletting and early return.
  8. Use the official forms of the canton where the flat lies, in its language.

Common mistakes

  • Leaving out the initial rent form in Zurich. The rent is then not validly fixed, and the tenant is not bound by the 30-day deadline to have it set.
  • Leaving the previous reference interest rate and price index off the form. The Federal Council warned this could have the same effect as no form.
  • Asking for a deposit above 3 months' rent, or having it paid into the landlord's own account. The deposit must sit in an account in the tenant's name.
  • Billing ancillary costs that the lease does not list. The tenant owes only the costs specifically agreed.
  • Making the lease conditional on buying furniture or taking out an insurance. Such a tied obligation is void (OR Art. 254, VMWG Art. 3).
  • Writing a lump-sum cleaning or repainting charge due at lease end. An advance promise to pay more than the actual damage is void (OR Art. 267 para 2).
  • Not recording the reference interest rate and price index on which the rent is based. Without them, later rent increases or cuts are hard to calculate.
  • Ending the lease by letter or email as landlord. Without the official cantonal form, the notice is void.

Legal basis

  • Obligationenrecht (OR, SR 220), Art. 253 to 273c (Miete)
  • Obligationenrecht (OR, SR 220), Art. 257e (Sicherheiten durch den Mieter)
  • Obligationenrecht (OR, SR 220), Art. 266c, 266l to 266o (notice periods and form)
  • Obligationenrecht (OR, SR 220), Art. 269d and 270 (rent increases, initial rent), Art. 269d as amended by the Federal Act of 29 September 2023 (Formvorschriften), in force since 1 October 2025
  • Verordnung über die Miete und Pacht von Wohn- und Geschäftsräumen (VMWG, SR 221.213.11), Art. 2, 3, 4 and 12a, and Art. 19 para 3 as amended on 21 March 2025 (AS 2025 191), in force since 1 October 2025
  • Einführungsgesetz zum ZGB des Kantons Zürich, § 229b (initial rent form)

Sources

  • Formulare im Mietwesen
  • Anfechtung des Anfangsmietzinses
  • Anfangsmietzins
  • Für mehr Transparenz im Mietrecht: Bundesrat ändert Verordnung
  • Formularpflicht für die Mitteilung des Anfangsmietzinses (Artikel 270 Absatz 2 OR), Verzeichnis für das Jahr 2026
  • Rahmenmietverträge
  • Parlamentarische Vorstösse zum Mietrecht

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